YOGA OF MEDITATION( Vayu Mula - Based On Breath Control)

'HATA YOGA NIRNAYA PRAKARANA' OF JNANA 
SINDHU
('YOGA OF MEDITATION DECIDED CHAPTER' OF 
JNANA SINDHU)

HERE THE TERM HATA YOGA, DOES NOT MEAN
STANDING IN ONE LEG OR PUNISHING PART OF 
BODY, TO ATTAIN CONCENTRATION OF MIND, AS 
WE NORMALLY KNOW IT. 'HATA' MEANS REPEATED
EFFORTS TO FULFIL ONE'S DESIRES,WITHOUT
BUDGING OR RELAXING, KEEPING THE MIND FIRM 
ON GOAL, TILL THE RESULTS ARE ACHIEVED.
AUTHOR AVADHUTHA NISHCHALANANDA HAS USED 
THIS TERM 'HATA' FOR CONTROLLING - BODY,
WAVERING MIND, DIRECTION OF THOUGHT TO
ACHIEVE, BRAHMACHARYA, SAMADHI STATE. 

WE WOULD LIKE TO REITERATE HERE ONCE AGAIN
THAT IF YOU HAVE PREVIOUS BIRTH EFFORTS
IN THIS YOGA, YOU WILL NOT UNDER GO PROGRESS
CHAKRA BY CHAKRA AS EXPLAINED HERE. IN A 
SUITABLE DIVINE POWER PRESENCE KUNDALINI
AWAKENING AUTOMATICALLY TAKES PLACE WITHOUT
THE EXPERIENCE OF INDIVIDUAL CHAKRAS, BUT
EXPERIENCING SAHASRARA ENCOMPASSMENT
BY KUNDALINI WITH OR WITHOUT TRIGGERS SUCH 
AS BHAJAN, SHLOKA RECITATION, BHAKTI, 
WITNESSING OR HEARING POWER OF GOD, RITUAL OF
PUJA, MEDITATION ON GOD, PERFECT RHYTHMIC
MUSIC AS PER THALA ETC. 

IN THE NEXT CHAPTER HE HAS DEALT WITH
'HATA RAJA YOGA PRAKARANA' WHICH IS 
MEDITATION BASED ON MIND CONCENTRAION,
KEEPING EYES FIXED ON A POINT ie.,DRISHTI MULA
(SOURCE BASED ON SIGHT). HENCE OUR NEXT
POSTING WILL BE 'HATA RAJA YOGA PRAKARANA' 
OF JNANA SINDHU.

MEDITATION IN PADMASANA

THUMB & INDEX FINGER JOINING TOGETHER

IS CALLED AS GYAN MUDRA SYMBOLIZES

ONE'S UNITY WITH THE DEVINE.

33 Jyotis from Muladhara Chakra to Sahasrara
-- Awakening of Kundalini Shakti as shown 
by Goddess Mahalakshmi on Lemon

Burning Lamp At Ajna Chakra -- 
Awakening of Kundalini Shakti as shown by 
Goddess Mahalakshmi on Lemon

'MORE INFORMATION' from - http://www.slideshare.net/scmittal/chakras-part2

'HATA YOGA NIRNAYA PRAKARANA' OF JNANA 
SINDHU
('YOGA OF MEDITATION DECIDED CHAPTER' OF 
JNANA SINDHU)



Parameshwara teaching Shanmuga

Shanmukha told Shankara with folded hands --
Please explain HATA YOGA CHARACTERISTICS 

Hara told Shanmukha as follows --

My child ! I shall explain to you Hata Yoga which has been 

accepted by Shrutis(Vedas,Smritis,Bhagvad Githa).Whoever

succeeds in this practice(sadhana), for him door of liberation

opens to get liberated !

By repeated efforts(hata), arresting senses, turning direction 

of thoughts, getting rid of wavering mind, making mind like a

steady lamp without wind, when sadhaka enters Samadhi 

State, highest state of Divinity gets established by itself.

'HA' means sound of Sun, 'TA' means sound of Moon, joining 

these two is Yoga, this is the meaning of 'HATA YOGA'. This

path of Yoga & the happiness derived out of it, is known only

to Yogis & not by others.This pleasure cannot be explained  

through words. Practice of this Yoga is achieved only by those

who have done good deeds, who has Grace of Guru on them

& not fit for those who are suffering from disease of family.

This should not be told to bad people, who blame others,

who are bound by actions, who steal others money, who are

ignorant of knowledge. 

When we enquire into tattvas(truth statements of knowledge)

of spirituality, our position is just as, difficulty in finding way

inside a dark house.It is impossible to achieve mind 

purification through tattva analysis, understanding.You cannot 

achieve liberation, without making this yoga practice.A cook

just by reading recipe cannot produce tasty food,without

practicing cooking, same way only by tattva vichara, you cannot 

experience bliss of Athma. If you are desirous of liberation, 

cultivate dispassion, remove latent impressions(vasanas), of

this birth,previous births,with Bhakti in the Yoga path & Yoga 

sadhana(practice), attain liberation.

In this Yoga there are Two paths known as --

1) Pipeelika(ant) -- for Hata Yoga.

2) Vihangama(pleasant bird's eye view) -- for Raja Yoga

Pipeelika(ant) path is called as Hata Yoga.

Following celibacy(Brahmacharya), achieving Paramahamsa 

Status(when Kundalini crosses Ajna Chakra) is through

Hata Yoga.

Vihangama path is called as Raja Yoga.

Due to previous birth fruit of actions, suddenly you will 

achieve Paramahamsa Status(when Kundalini crosses Ajna

Chakra) through Raja Yoga.

Karthikeya ! in this chapter I shall explain to you, Hata Yoga

& in the next chapter I shall explain to you Raja Yoga. If you

achieve Hata Yoga, you will achieve Raja Yoga by itself or

you can achieve Raja Yoga alone, Among these two you 

have to achieve any one only. You should not try to achieve

both yogas as you will land in trouble, just like getting caught 

in the hands of a bear ! When you climb a tree you have to use 

same one branch, for climbing up or down. You should not 

try to jump to another branch, which may lead to falling

down & breaking your waist joint. 

If you follow one yoga you will come to know that there is 

only one Brahman & not two.

Mind concentration, keeping eyes fixed on a point(Drishti

Mula) is called as Raja Yoga.

Mind concentration based on Breath Control of air

(Vayu Mula) is called as Hata Yoga.

Now I shall explain to you Hata Yoga ie.,Yoga of Meditation
based on Breath Control(Vayu Mula).

In a clean lonely place, make a soft sitting spot(asana)

using Darbha grass, dear skin, thick covering sheet,

left leg feet bottom is folded near anus area, right feet 

bottom folded near genital area(Padmasana ?), sitting 

in a comfortable position, not high nor low sitting height,

focussing eyes at the centre of eyebrows, seeing tip of 

nose, not feeling sad, not looking sideways, with a 

relaxed mind doing Pranayama(proportional inhalation,
retention,exhalation of breathing air) along with Gayathri 

Manthra should be carried out.(Translator's comment:

this has to be carried out with the help of a Guru). 

Gayathri Mantra is having 37 syllables.

om bhur bhuvah svah 
tat-savitur varenyam
bhargo devasya dhimahi
dhiyo yo nah prachodayat

Meaning of Gayatri Mantra --
The most literal meaning of gayatri is, “Let us meditate 
on the light of the sun which represents God, and may 
our thoughts be inspired by that divine light.”

First line - om bhur bhuvah svah is not actually part of 
Gayathri meter. Therefore the 3 lines of Gayathri are -
1) tat-savitur varenyam
2) bhargo devasya dhimahi
3) dhiyo yo nah prachodayat
Each line containing 8 syllables & 3 lines totally making
24 syllables.
The first part of the gayatri mantra, om bhur bhuvah svah, 
is called vyahriti or the “great utterance,” and it  is always 
repeated along with the mantra. 
So Gayathri Mantra contains 24 syllables, to this by adding
Vyahritis it becomes 37 syllables. This Gayathri Mantra is
having 12 steps --

1) bhur - earth

2) bhuvah - sky
3) svah - heaven 

4) tat – that (God)
5) savitur – of the sun
6) varenyam – the best
7) bhargo (bhargas) – light, illumination
8) devasya – divine
9) dhimahi – let us meditate
10) dhiyo (dhiyah) – thought
11) yo (yah) nah – which our
12) prachodayat – May it push, inspire

By adding to each one step OMkara in the beginning
& end - 2 OMkaras, for 12 steps totally it becomes
24 OMkaras. These 24 OMkaras & 37 syllables of Gayathri
together becomes 61syllables. To this mantra, adding 1 OMkara in the beginning, makes totally 62 syllables.
Repeating this mantra 3 times makes 1 Pranayama. Rishis
say this has full acceptance of Shrutis. This Mantra should
not be repeated very loudly nor in a very low note, to be
done, in full concentration with peace of mind, japa should
be done. By this Mantra japa's power Brahma Sakshathkara
takes place with ease & result achieved.

Pranayama means, closing the left nostril, intake breathe
slowly through right nostril, retain it in Heart Lotus for 
sometime & then through left nostril(closing the right nostril),
 release air outside very slowly.(Some books specify 
proportion of time duration for inhalation is 1 Unit, retention 
as 2 Units & exhalation as 4 Units. There may be variations
in this proportion depending upon one's experience.)
Inhalation of air is called as 'Puraka', retention of air is called 
as 'Kumbhaka' & exhalation of air is called as 'Rechaka'.
Rechaka is form of Fate(Brahma-Vidhi), Puraka is form of 
Vishnu & Kumbhaka is form of Rudra, One who achieves this
Pranayama becomes in four directions, King of this World.
This Pranayama, like movement of ant(pipeelika) slowly, 
slowly increasing, path of Yoga should be achieved.

In our body there are Seventy Two Thousand Nadis. Among 
these One Hundred Nadis are main ones.Among these Ten
Nadis are prominent. Among these Ida & Pingala are good 
ones, Other than the above two, Sushumna Nadi(spinal chord) 
is great. Tying down all Nadis, closing all Nine openings, in 
the nose through Ida,Pingala openings(left & right nostrils)
making air 'Rechaka', 'Puraka' & making 'Kumbhaka' in 
Sushumna Nadi, kingdom of Athmananda(bliss of Self) is 
attained. 

Nadis are spread all over body like layers of onion.
You have to fill air in them slowly. In this matter, you should 
do this very intelligently. You should carry this out under the 
guidance of a good Guru. In Yoga vidya there are secret
trigger points, which should be told to the sadhaka secretly.

THE CHAKRAS & SUBTLE SYSTEM CHART --

Shimshumara Chakra is not shown in these charts.

MULADHARA CHAKRA -

When air is filled in all Nadis all over the body, first air comes 
to (Mula)Adhara Chakra which is located at the anus region. 
Four lotus petals, Krishna varna(assumed as dark colour, 
bluish, however other books on the subject specify the colour 
as yellow). Four bijaksharas of sound are va, sha(higher 
note), sha(lower note), sa. Lord of this chakra is Vighneshwara.

Lord Vighneshwara

MORE INFORMATION from other sources

SWADHISTANA CHAKRA -

From there(leaving the above chakra), when air is moved up,
there is another chakra called as 'Swadhistana' located at
the region of reproductive organ(linga sthana). bluish colour,
having Six lotus petals, Six bijaksharas - ba,bha,ma,ya,ra,la.
Lord of this chakra is Four faced Brahma(not to be confused
with formless Brahman)

Lord Brahma

MORE INFORMATION from other sources

MANIPURA CHAKRA -

After experiencing happy state of Swadhistana when air is

forced up, you reach another chakra called as 'Manipura'.

This is located at navel region & is yellow(golden) in colour. 
This has 10 lotus petals. Sound of 10 letters(aksharas) - 
Da,Dha,na,ta,tha,da,dha,na,pa,pha. Lord of this chakra 
is Vishnu.

Lord Vishnu

MORE INFORMATION from other sources

ANAHATHA CHAKRA -

After experiencing the enjoyment of this chakra, when you 
go forward, you reach 'Anahatha Chakra'. Location of this 
chakra is at spiritual heart. This chakra has colour of fire. 
There are 12 lotus petals. Sound of 12 letters - ka,kha,ga,
gha,nga,cha,chha,ja,jha,jna,ta,tha. emanates from this chakra. 
Lord of this chakra is Rudra or Shiva, who is holding bow by 
the name Pinaka. In this chakra 10 sounds(Dasha Nadas)
 are generated, they are --
- Mahanada,Chinichini,Janathkara,Thala,Mridanga,
  Veena,Shanka,Ghanta,Ghosha(Bheri),Megha.

(Name Anahatha is due to, Yogi experiences Nada(OMKARA)
 ie.,sound vibrations non-stop,continuous,without break when
 Kundalini reaches this chakra)

Shiva Holding Pinaka Bow

MORE INFORMATION from other sources

VISHUDDHI CHAKRA -

After experiencing the previous chakra,when Yogi goes 
forward,Vishuddhi Chakra is seen. Location of this
chakra is neck. Colour is Brown. It has16 Lotus Petals.
Sounds of 16 letters(aksharas) -
a,aa,e,ee,ou,oou,R,RR,lu,luu,ae,aae,o,oo,am,aha.

(NOTE: i, av - are also given, then it becomes 18 aksharas,
 other books on the subject do not specify -i,av, please note)

Lord of this chakra is ESHVARA(other books on the subject
specify PANCHA VAKRA SHIVA who has 5 faces - Aghora,
Ishana,Mahadeva,SadaShiva,Rudra).

PANCHA VAKRA SHIVA

MORE INFORMATION from other sources

AJNA CHAKRA -

After enjoying the happiness of Vishuddhi Chakra, when air

is moved up, path is not seen due to darkness. There 

Goddesses Durga, Vaishnavi, Chandi, Chamundi etc.,powers 

are guarding. There on the west side, in the shape of crow's 

face Sushumna Nadi is having a small orifice, when air is 

forced through that, there is Ajna Chakra, entering which is 

very difficult. Only those who are having Grace of Guru's 

kindness only can cross here. Here Yogi should raise the

air with all his intelligence. Even if there is a small error, Yogi

will land in trouble leading to calamity. Dullards trying to do 

this independently will land into difficulty leading to sorrow.

In Sushumna Nadi Yogi will see self luminous shining light.

There air & mind become one, light of Chandra Mandala(Moon

 light space) is shining here. From this luminous space, soothing

rays of light in the shape of Ganga,Yamuna,Saraswathi come 

flowing down & merge in each other there.One who takes bath

in this merging point(Sangama),all his sins will be washed away

& escapes from birth,death cycle. This Chakra is the residing

place for all Devathas(Suras) & free from all types of actions

(karmas). The great Yogi is free of wrong impressions & 

forgetfulness, becomes pure Brahman. In this chakra many 

moons shine without any diminishing of illumination. Location of

this chakra is at the centre of forehead. Colour is that of pearl.

Having two Lotus Petals. Sound of two aksharas - ha, ksha.

It is in the shape of Triangle. In this Triangle, Sun,Moon & Fire

are there.Lord of this Chakra is SadaShiva(in some books 

Ardhanarishwara is specified). One who experiences 

this chakra, by the Grace of Guru becomes Shankara himself,

he is Para Brahman only. 

(One of the faces of Pacha Vakra Shiva is called as SadaShiva.
SadaShiva is called as the 'eternal Shiva'.He has a square 

shaped face and thus may expand in all directions, his nature

is of the Air.) 

ONE OF THE FACES OF PANCHA VAKRA SHIVA

IS CALLED AS SADASHIVA

MORE INFORMATION from other sources

SAHASRARA CHAKRA --

Above Ajna Chakra there is Thousand Petaled Chakra called 
as SAHASRARA CHAKRA which is facing downwards.This
is enveloped by bright shining light & full of ineumerable colours.
From every petal 'Amruth'(A very tasty liquid when drunk 
overcomes death - elixir) is pouring down. Even for Lord Indra
(Jambhari), King of Heaven, it is impossible to drink this 
Amrutha. Without Grace of Shankara it is impossible to enter
this Chakra. In whichever direction you see, it is filled with only 
bright light(Prabha), after experiencing this that Yogi himself
becomes 'Form Of Light'(Jyothi Rupa).In this location of the
Chakra, Yogi achieves Jeevan-Muktha State & also the state
beyond Three(Satva,Rajas,Thamas) Gunas. Sound emanating
from this Chakra is OMKARA NADA, Amrutha is Bindu, Bright
Light is KALE. Yogi who experiences these Nada, Bindu, Kale
himself becomes Para-Brahman(GOD). This state 
is called as Thuriya State(Natural Bliss State OF SOUL).

(Some books specify Deity of this Chakra as Guru within) 

MORE INFORMATION from other sources

SHIMSHUMARA CHAKRA -

Arda Bindu, Bindu are related to OM-KARA Nada &
Sound of Bells. Amrutha Dayini is giver of Amruth.
Shri Valaya is Virata.
( Someone has mentioned there is another chakra above 
Sri Valaya called PRADAKSHINA, only for information of our readers)

LOCATION OF BRAHMA RANDHRA

It is at the centre of Sahasrara Lotus at the tip of the Skull.

This has been called as Anda Kupa, the 10 th Dwara of our 
body.Some books claim that a Yogi's Soul leaves the body 
through this hole at his will, along with recitation of OMKARA.

Saint Ghorak Nath has claimed there are more Chakras 
above Sahasrara. Here author Avadhutha Nishchalananda 
claims Shimshumara Chakra is above Brahma Randhra. 

Shimshumara means one who knows HIM as

JNANA-ANANDA rupa gets Eternal Bliss

This Brahma Randhra when crossed, there is a Chakra called
Shimshumara Chakra. Yogi experiences Thuriathitha State in
this Chakra which is the highest bliss state,a Videha Muktha
experiences in Samadhi State. Yogi, who achieves this state,
how much Punya(good deeds), he should have done !! The
Bliss experienced here cannot be explained to others & is 
beyond others imagination. Here Yogi sees bright light of 
Hundred Crore Suns !! To achieve this, great
difficulties have to be overtaken. 

Here you hear unending sound of bells. Brahma Randhra 
is filled with OMKARA NADA which has no beginning or 
ending. By hearing this Pranava Sound, all sorrows,
unhappiness of life come to an end.

My Child ! Divine Thing which exists from the very beginning,
is seen in 3 ways as Virat,Swarat,Virata. In Chakras Virat,
in Brahma Randhra Swarat & in Shimshumara Virata is seen
has been agreed by Shuthis. Yogis after keeping their feet on 
the path of Shimshu only, go to get liberation !  With which 
vasana Yogi leaves this Chakra, accordingly he goes to 
Kailasa, Vykuntha, Sathya Loka, Thapo Loka etc. By this 
Yoga practice,which form Yogi thinks, that divine form 
appears in front of him. In anger, which direction he sees
that direction gets burnt by Fire. This is the greatness
(mahima) of Yoga.

Vishwamitra,Gauthama,Agasthya,Markandeya etc. sages
came to be known as having great Sathva Guna shalis.
By doing Yoga without any vasanas, they became King of
all Lokas. If you also follow them, you will also become
that Great Divine Thing. By doing this Yoga, Eight great
Supernatural Powers stand in front of you with folded 
hands.Those with strong mind should not fall for them,
if they fall, they become unfit to follow Yoga path.

Eight great Supernatural powers are --
1) Anima - becoming small.
2) Mahima - becoming Big.
3) Garima - knowing everything.
4) Laghima - behaving against normal.
5) Prapthi - getting what he wants.
6) Prakamya - giving what others wish.
7) Eshatva - becoming King like.
8) Vashithva - making everybody behave as he wants.

These 8 Maha Siddhis fulfil the Yogi's wish who has no 
desire to use them. Devathas(residing in Indra Loka) 
please these Maha Siddhis & carry out lot of actions.
For a Yogi who is Shiva's form has no benefit by these
powers.

By the greatness of this Yoga, desire, lust, anger, ego, 
Thamo Guna,

Asta Pasha   -    aversion, shame, pity, suspicion,hatred,
(8 tying down
aspects)              family,character, community.

Asta Mada   -     Teen age(yauvana), education(vidya), 
(eight egos)       body beauty(rupa),cast(kula), money
                          (dhana), following shstras(anustana), 
                           property(rajya), son(putra). 
Vyasana Bhrama - body(thanu), mind(mana), money(dhana), 
 (7 Vyasanas -        world(vishva), servant(sevaka), full of 

       Sorrows )         energy(ullhasa), property(rajya) called 

                                seven sorrows(saptha vysanas).                              
                              
Shad Vikara -    Existence, Birth, Growth, Change, Decay & 
(6 Stages of       Death. 
body )                           

Ishana Thraya -   Desire for Wealth, Wife & Son
(3 Desires)

Thapa Trayas - Three types of problems generating heat
                          (worries) From Body(adi bhouthika), from 
                           external sources(adi Deivika), worries of 
                           Mind(adi Manasika)

Avastha Thraya -  3 States of man
                             waking state(jagrith avastha),dream state
                              (swapna avastha), deep sleep state
                              (sushupthi avastha)

lust of sex, problems giving pain to body & mind, fear of 
death, wrong imagination of jeeva affecting activities of all 
organs, all will come to an end.

In whichever direction you see, kingdom of happiness, light
of inner jyothi, is seen. All things are seen as form of Brahman.
Yogi becomes witness to every thing & is beyond birth,death.

This Yoga if practised for 3 months you hear sound vibrations
of OMKARA(Nada). In the 4th month you see Devathas(Suras)
In the 5th month Chakra knowledge dawns. In the 6th month
Yogi becomes Real(Sakshath) Divine Thing.

If this Yoga is done for a duration of 2 Ghalige(2 x 24mts.)
'Kumbhaka' ie. retention of air, he gets Yoga knowledge.Out 
of this,in the first Galige, Nada starts, in the next haif Galige
Nada ends & Brahma Sakshathkara(Divine experience)
takes place.

Yogi who practices this Yoga should take suitable food, indulge
in restricted activities, sufficient sleep, concentrate on tip of
nose, day & night practice Yoga, that Yogi achieves liberation.
If this is carried out with Guru's guidance, it gives desired 
results. If practised without Guru's guidance, he lands in 
forest without direction.

Therefore MY SON ! With full of dispassion, practice this 
Yoga in my presence. This path is called as Pipeelika(ant)
path & also called as Hata Yoga. Yogi who achieves this Yoga,
this is Divine State, this is place of Liberation.

This should not be told to, those who does bad deeds, who 
deceive others, bad persons & who argue body is soul.

Hearing, reading this is auspicious, also for dispassion, 
knowledge & liberation. This is auspicious if you think of this 
even in dream. Thus, when Shankara told, Shanmukha
immersed in Happiness, with eyes full of tears of joy, started
praying feet of Shiva, in his lotus heart.

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